If you are thinking of taking up genetics as your major, it is important to understand the basic concepts of the subject. In this article, we will discuss about human genetic engineering which refers to the process of genetically engineering the human beings by altering their genotypes before birth. The 'Genotype' refers to the individual's genetic constitution, with respect to the specific character under consideration. This process helps to control the traits that are possessed by the individual after birth.
The cells present in our body consist of the encoded information regarding the structure, growth, and functioning of the body, in the form of genes. The subject - human genetic engineering actually aims at de-coding this data and applying it to the benefit of mankind. There are basically two different types of genetic engineering, and they are somatic modification and germline modification.
In the case of somatic modification, genes are added to cells. This proves as a cure for several types of diseases that are caused by the defective genes. They cannot be inherited. The germline modification, on the other hand, is the form of human genetic engineering, where the genes in the early embryos are altered. The genes which are modified in this way are actually inheritable. This is quite an effective form of and it results in some enduring modifications.
The human genetic engineering can actually be classified as positive and negative. In the former kind of genetic engineering, the positive traits of the individuals are augmented. This results in increasing longevity or increasing in human capacity. The later type is about introducing the first-class copy of a definite gene into the cells. As a result, the suffering trait to genetic diseases can be lessened to a great extent.
In the case of human genetic engineering, the DNA or the genes of a human being are changed. This is used to bring about changes in the structure of the human beings. It can also be used to launch the genes for several positive and desirable characteristics in the embryos. It can also be used for finding a permanent cure for various diseases.
Some human beings possess exceptional qualities. When the genes are responsible for the qualities, they can be easily identified and implanted in early embryos. This results in what is known as the custom-made babies. If you want detailed explanation on the topic with illustrations, consider hiring a private tutor.
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